Halitosis is embarrassing, but carries good news inside: in the vast majority of cases the cause is in the mouth — so it is solved in the mouth.
The real causes
- Tongue coating: bacteria producing sulphur compounds.
- Plaque and gingivitis: bleeding gums bring heavy breath with them.
- Open cavities and leaking old restorations.
- Dry mouth: saliva is the natural detergent; medications and mouth breathing reduce it.
What works
- Professional hygiene (GBT) to reset the biofilm, then maintenance.
- Brushing twice a day + daily interdental cleaning.
- A gentle tongue scraper in the morning.
- Water often; less alcohol and tobacco.
When to investigate further
If halitosis persists after proper hygiene, we look deeper: gum pockets, hidden decay or — rarely — extra-oral causes to refer to your doctor. But the dental assessment always comes first: it is the shortest route.
Sources
- WHO, Oral health fact sheet — biofilm control and daily hygiene.
- WHO, Global Oral Health Status Report, 2022 — gingivitis and periodontal disease among the most widespread oral conditions.