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Prevention2 min read · July 19, 2026

Pregnancy and oral health: what changes and what to do

In pregnancy, sensitive gums and nausea test your mouth. The Italian Ministry of Health recommendations for perinatal oral health.

Pregnancy is a special period for your mouth too: hormones, nausea and dietary changes test gums and enamel. The good news: with a few targeted habits you get through serenely — and give your baby a head start as well.

What happens to the mouth

  • Pregnancy gingivitis: puffier, bleeding-prone gums reacting to plaque.
  • Nausea erosion: vomiting episodes expose enamel to gastric acids.
  • Sweet cravings: more snacking, more opportunities for plaque.

The right habits

  1. Careful, gentle hygiene twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, plus floss or interdental brushes.
  2. After vomiting: rinse with water (a pinch of bicarbonate helps) and wait at least half an hour before brushing softened enamel.
  3. One professional hygiene session during pregnancy: safe and recommended.
  4. Necessary care without delay: a neglected infection is riskier than treatment.

Thinking of the baby too

Perinatal recommendations remind us that a mother's oral health concerns the baby as well: cariogenic bacteria are transmissible (no tasting with the baby's spoon, no "cleaning" the dummy in a parent's mouth). And the little one's first visit is planned in the very first years of life.

Expecting? Tell us when you book: we adapt timing, chair position and care priorities to your trimester.

Sources

  • Italian Ministry of Health, Recommendations for the promotion of oral health in the perinatal age — care during pregnancy and prevention of mother-child bacterial transmission.
  • WHO, Oral health fact sheet — fluoride hygiene and sugar control.

Frequently asked questions

Can I go to the dentist while pregnant?

Yes: necessary dental care can and should be done, agreeing timing with your gynaecologist. Postponing an infection is riskier than treating it.

Why do gums bleed more in pregnancy?

Hormonal changes make gums more reactive to plaque (pregnancy gingivitis). Careful home hygiene and a professional hygiene session keep it under control.

Does the mother's oral health affect the baby?

Yes: ministerial recommendations stress maternal oral health in the perinatal period, also because cariogenic bacteria can be passed to the child in the first years.

Clinical review: Dr.ssa Irene Ferrara